Imisebenzi yomsizi we-accounting: umhlahlandlela ophelele osebenzayo

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Uma ukhangwa yizwe lezezimali futhi uzizwa ukhululekile phakathi kwezinombolo, amathebula kanye nezinsuku zokugcina, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza ukuthi yini ngempela eyenziwa umsizi we-accounting. Le phrofayela iyisandla sokunene sendawo yokubala imali futhi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi ahlelekile, izinkokhelo kanye nokuqoqwa kwemali kucutshungulwa ngesikhathi, kanye nolwazi lwezezimali luhamba kahle kuyo yonke inkampani.

Sikhuluma ngesikhundla esidingeka kakhulu ezinkampanini zabo bonke ubukhulu. Sekuphele isikhathi eside izinsuku zephepha nepeniNamuhla, abasizi be-accounting basebenza nesofthiwe ekhethekile, amaspredishithi, kanye nezizindalwazi eziqinisekisa ukulandelelwa kanye nokucaca kokuthengiselana. Ngezansi uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele noningiliziwe wemisebenzi, imisebenzi yansuku zonke, amakhono adingekayo, ubudlelwano neminye iminyango, uhlaka lwenkontileka, kanye namathuba okuqeqeshwa.

Uyini umsizi we-accounting futhi kungani ebaluleke kangaka?

Umsizi we-accounting unguchwepheshe ohlinzeka ngokusekela umgcinimabhuku (kwamanye amazwe, "umgcinimabhuku") emisebenzini yansuku zonke yomnyango wezezimali. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukurekhoda nokugcina ulwazi lwezimali lusesikhathiniukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthengiselana ngakunye kuboniswe kahle futhi kubhalwe phansi, nokuthi izinqubo zangaphakathi ziyalandelwa ngokwezinqubomgomo zenhlangano.

Kubalulekile ukungadidanisi izindima: yize zinesisekelo esifanayo, azilingani. Umgcinimabhuku omkhulu usebenzisa umbono womhlaba wonke nowokuhlaziya webhizinisiUmsizi, yena, wenza imisebenzi yokusebenza nokusekela, futhi angabambisana ekuvaleni nasekubikeni imisebenzi ngaphansi kokuqondisa komuntu ophethe.

Ngaphakathi kohlelo lwezezimali, lesi simo sisekela ingxenye enkulu yejubane lokusebenza: kusukela ekukhokheni ama-invoyisi nasekuhlanganiseni kuya ekulungiseleleni imibiko yezikhathi ezithileEmpeleni, umsebenzi wabo uvumela inkampani ukuthi iqonde isimo sayo sezezimali sangempela futhi yenze izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Sula umehluko phakathi komgcinimabhuku kanye nomsizi we-accounting

Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziswa njengamagama afanayo, azisetshenziswa. Umsizi we-accounting akaholi ukuhlaziywa kwe-balance sheet noma alungiselele ama-akhawunti wonyaka eyedwa.Yebo, bangahlanganyela futhi basekele le misebenzi, kodwa umthwalo wemfanelo ophelele usemahlombe omgcinimabhuku noma abasebenzi abaphezulu kakhulu. Umgcinimabhuku wenza izinqumo eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe kanye nezokubalwa kwezimali, ahumushe izinkomba, futhi achaze izindinganiso; umsizi wenza, aqinisekise, ahlele, futhi abike ngokucophelela.

ESpain sivame ukukhuluma ngegama elithi "contable", kanti kwamanye amazwe kusetshenziswa elithi "contador". Umsizi uyisisekeli sokusebenza esiqinisekisa ikhwalithi yedatha.ukuhlala usesikhathini izabelomali, amafayela, ama-invoyisi kanye nezizindalwazi zokubalwa kwezimali, kanye nokuthola ukungafani okuzodlulela eqenjini elinomthwalo wemfanelo uma kufaneleka.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko yomsizi wezimali

Izinkampani ngokuvamile zichaza isethi yemithwalo yemfanelo efanayo yale ndima. Lezi ngezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kusuka emnyangweni wokuphatha kanye nezezimali:

• Ukubhaliswa kwezihlalo kanye nokucutshungulwa kwazo kujenali kanye nencwadi yezikweletu ukuze konke ukuthengiselana kuqoshwe kahle.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe Ama-akhawunti atholakalayo kanye nokukhishwa kwe-invoyisi, okuhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwayo kanye nokulandelela.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe Ama-akhawunti akhokhwayo kanye nokubuyisana ngezitatimende zasebhange kanye nemibhalo esekelayo.
• Ukusekela ku Ukulungiswa kwama-balance sheet, izitatimende zemali engenayo kanye nezinye izitatimende ngokuhambisana nezinqubo zangaphakathi kanye nemithethonqubo yamanje.
• Ukubambisana ku ukubuyekezwa kwezindleko, ukubhaliswa kweholo kanye nezinye izinto eyabelwe ngumuntu ophethe.
• Ukugcinwa kanye ukubuyekeza idatha yezezimali kuma-database kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala nokunemba.
• Ukulungiselela umbiko ukuphindaphindwa kwamasonto onke kanye nanyanga zonke ngemininingwane eceliwe yindawo.
• Usizo kubabali bezimali abaphezulu e- ukuvalwa kwezimali kwanyanga zonke kanye nokwaminyaka yonkeukuqinisekisa ukulinganiswa kwama-akhawunti.
• Ukubambisana ku noma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi wokubala okudingekayo ukuze umnyango usebenze kahle.

Ngaphezu kwale misebenzi eyinhloko, ezinye izinhlangano zidinga umsizi ukuthi Lungiselela izethulo zemihlangano ngamagrafu namathebula; ukwazi amathuluzi abonakalayo alula ukuqonda idatha kuya ngokuya kubaluleka.

Imisebenzi ethile kanye nemisebenzi yansuku zonke

Kanye nebhulokhi yemithwalo yemfanelo, kunemisebenzi ethile ephindaphindwayo inyanga yonke. Lezi zenzo zibonisa umsebenzi wansuku zonke kulesi sikhundla futhi zidinga ukunakwa kwemininingwane nokuphathwa kwemibhalo ngendlela ehlelekile.

• Ilogi yokwenziwe: ukufakwa kwemali engenayo, izindleko, izimpahla, izikweletu kanye namasheya ephephabhukwini kanye nokudluliselwa kwayo encwadini yokubhalisa.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwedokhumenti: qinisekisa ukuthi ukuthengiselana ngakunye kusekelwa ama-invoyisi, amarisidi, ama-oda okuthenga noma amanye amadokhumenti asekelayo.
• Ukubuyisana kwebhange: ukuvumelanisa izilinganiso phakathi kwezimali kanye nezitatimende zasebhange, ukuphenya umehluko kanye nokuwenza ube ngokwejwayelekile.
• Ukulawulwa kwempahla okuzinzile: ukutholwa, ukuchithwa kanye nokunciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali; ukugcinwa kwempahla egciniwe.
• Ukuphathwa kwempahla: ukwesekwa ekuqapheni amazinga esitokwe nokuwabonisa ngokunembile kumarekhodi ezimali.
• Imibiko yezezimali yesikhathi esithile: ukubambisana ezitatimendeni ezifana nebhalansi, i-P&L kanye nokugeleza kwemali.
• Izintela: usizo ekubaleni nasekufakeni intela (isb., i-VAT kanye nentela yengeniso njengoba kufanele).
• Usekelo lokuhlolwa kwezimali: ukulungiswa kwamafolda, ukulethwa kobufakazi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezincomo.
• Ukufaka kanye nokuhlela yemibhalo yokubalwa kwezimali ukuze kuboniswene ngokushesha kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho.
• Ukusetshenziswa nokuvuselelwa kwesofthiwe yokubalaukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lwezezimali lusesikhathini.
• Ukuxhumana nokuthenga, ukuthengisa kanye ne-HR. ukuqinisekisa idatha nokuvumelanisa izinqubo.
• Isibuyekezo semithetho: ukuhlala usesikhathini ngezinguquko zokubalwa kwezimali kanye nezentela ezithinta inkampani.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, imisebenzi ewusizo efana phatha ukubuyiselwa kwezindleko futhi ulungiselele amadiphozithi asebhange, faka idatha kumaspredishithi e-accounting bese uhlola ukuthi isamba siyafana nezincwadi.

Akuyona into engavamile ukuthi umsizi Buyekeza bese ufaka amadokhumenti okukhokha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okufakiwe kwezimali okuhlobene nabasebenzi kubonakala ngokunembile ekuvalelweni.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezimali noma sokufaka intela, umsizi uvame ukuqoqa ulwazi oluceliwe umnyango wentelaLungisa izingcaphuno kanye nohlu, futhi usekele ukuqinisekiswa kwezinkampani zangaphandle.

Ukuphathwa kwe-invoyisi, inkokhelo kanye nokuqoqwa

Enye yezinto ezigxilwe kakhulu kule ndima iwukunethiwekhi yamakhasimende kanye nabaphakeli. Khipha ama-invoyisi, urekhode inkokhelo yawo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ayagcinwa. ngokuqinisekiswa okuhambisanayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula kwangaphakathi.

Ngasohlangothini lomhlinzeki, umsizi uqinisekisa ukuthi ama-invoyisi atholiwe Zilandela idatha yezezimali neyesabelomaliiphatha ukuvunywa kwayo futhi ibhalise inkokhelo ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele.

Ezinkampanini lapho umsizi enemithwalo yemfanelo ethile, angakwazi futhi qinisekisa amadokhumenti emali engenayo kanye nezindleko kubantu besithathu, kulandela izinqubo zangaphakathi ezisungulwe yinkampani.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko yilona isiqinisekiso sokuthobela imithetho yokukhokha kanye nezinsuku zokuqoqa: hlela ukudluliselwa kwemali, qinisekisa amarisidi futhi ugweme izimali ezengeziwe noma ukungezwani kwemali ngenxa yokubambezeleka.

Iphrofayili efanele, izidingo namakhono

Umsizi we-accounting ophumelelayo uhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe namakhono athile omuntu siqu. Phakathi kwezidingo ezivame kakhulu okulandelayo:

• Isipiliyoni sangaphambilini emisebenzini yokubala efanayo noma emikhubeni efanele.
• Inhlangano nokuhleleka ekuphathweni kwemibhalo nezinto eziza kuqala.
• Ukunakwa ngemininingwane kanye nokuqina ekutholeni amaphutha nokungafani.
• Ubuchwepheshe bezibalo kanye nokukhuluma kahle ngezinombolo, kanye namakhono ayisisekelo okuhlaziya.
• Ukuqonda okuqinile kwezimiso zokubalwa kwezimali kanye nokubika ngezezimali.
• Amakhono athuthukisiwe e-MS Office (ikakhulukazi i-Excel) kanye nokujwayelana nama-ERP kanye nesofthiwe yokubala (isib. i-SAP).
• Professional Sales Izitifiketi zomhlaba wonke (isb., i-ACA, i-ACCA, i-CIMA) zingase zicatshangelwe, kodwa azibalulekile.
• Izifundo ze-Accounting, Ezezimali noma enye indawo ehlobene ezisekela isisekelo sobuchwepheshe salesi sikhundla.

Ngaphandle kwe-resume, isimo sengqondo sokuthatha isinyathelo kuqala siyaziswa. ikhono lokusebenza kuze kube yizikhathi ezibekiwe eziqinile kanye nokuxhumana okucacile namaqembu angewona awezezimali.

Amathuluzi, idatha, kanye nezethulo

Umsizi we-accounting usebenza nezinhlelo zokuphatha kanye namaspredishithi. Ubuchwepheshe ku-Excel kanye ne-ERP Uhlelo lwenkampani lusheshisa ukuvalwa futhi lunciphisa amaphutha; ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwazi ukuvumelanisa idatha nemisebenzi yokuqinisekisa kwenza umehluko omkhulu.

Ngokufanayo, kulindeleke ukuthi kube lula Lungiselela izethulo zamakomiti noma emihlanganweni ngaphakathi, kuncike kwimidwebo ecacile kanye nemiyalezo emfushane efingqa isimo sezezimali.

Ubudlelwano neminye iminyango kanye nokuhlolwa kwezimali

I-Accounting ayisebenzi ngendlela exakile. Umsizi we-accounting usebenza ngokuthenga ukuqinisekisa ama-oda namarisidi, ngokuthengisa ukulungisa ukukhokhisa, kanye ne-HR ukuhlanganisa iminikelo yomholo kanye neyokuphepha komphakathi. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kweminyango ehlukene kuqinisekisa idatha ehambisanayo futhi igwema ukucubungula kabusha.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi noma kwangaphandle, umsizi we-accounting ubalulekile uma kukhulunywa thola amadokhumenti asekelayo, udale uhlu bese uphendula iziceloUkuhleleka kwabo nolwazi lwabo ngefayela kwenza inqubo yokubuyekeza ibe lula futhi inciphise izinkinga.

Ububanzi bezomthetho kanye nencazelo yemisebenzi yesivumelwano

Ezindaweni eziningi akukho mthetho ochaza ngokuphelele lokho okufanele kwenziwe umsizi we-accounting. Imisebenzi ivame ukuchazwa enkontilekeni yokuqashwa ngokwayo. kanye nasezincwadini zangaphakathi zenkampani.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ikakhulukazi kuma-SME, imisebenzi eyengeziwe yokuphatha engahlobene nokubalwa kwezimali inikezwa. Kusukela kumasevisi okuthumela izincwadi noma ukuqoqwa mathupha kuya emisebenzini eyenziwa kanye kuphelaKungase kube nezimo ezahlukene kuye ngesivumelwano phakathi kwamaqembu.

Iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi Ububanzi besikhundla kufanele bucace futhi kuvunyelwane ngaso. enkontilekeni nasencazelweni yomsebenzi, nokuthi ukwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi kuvumela umsizi ukuthi ahlangabezane nezinhloso zokubalwa kwezimali ngekhwalithi nangesikhathi.

Izindlela zokuqeqesha ezinconywayo kanye nezindlela zokufinyelela

Ukuze uqale kahle, kunconywa kakhulu ukuba nesisekelo esihlelekile. Iziqu Zokuqeqeshwa Kwezobuciko Eziphakeme Kwezokuphatha Nezezimali Kuyindlela eqondile, enendlela ewusizo kanye namathuba okuqeqeshwa emsebenzini ezinkampanini.

Labo abadinga ukuguquguquka bangakhetha izivivinyo zamahhala ukuze uthole iziqu noma izifundo zobuchwepheshe ezikhethekile kumathuluzi e-accounting, intela kanye nokubika ngezezimali.

Ngale kwesihloko, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwesofthiwe yokubala kanye namaspredishithi, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwemithethonqubo yentela kanye neyokubalwa kwezimali, kukhuthaza ukuqasheka kanye nokuthuthuka kobungcweti.

Izinzuzo nezinselele zesikhundla

Lesi yisikhundla esifanele sokuthola ulwazi, ikakhulukazi uma ufunda noma usanda kuphothula ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe. Kuyindlela eya endaweni yezezimali ngokufunda okusheshayo komjikelezo ophelele wokubala.

Futhi kuyindima lapho Akudingeki njalo ukuthi ube neziqu zaseyunivesithi.Ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nesimo sengqondo kuyaziswa kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaholo avame ukuba maphakathi, njengoba kuyindima yokusekela, yize ehlanganisa izinzuzo zomthetho ngisho nezinzuzo ezengeziwe kwezinye izimo.

Noma kunjalo, izinga lokunemba elidingekayo liphezulu: Udinga ukwazi izinqubo zezinombolo futhi ube nohlelo oluhle kakhulu.Labo abajabulela ukuhleleka nezinqubo bazothola indawo efanela izidingo zabo lapha.

Izibonelo ezisebenzayo zesekethe yedokhumenti

Kumadokhumenti e-accounting, umsizi ugcina izincwadi zisesikhathini, afake amadokhumenti asekelayo, futhi asize ngamafomu noma amaholo uma kufaneleka. Ikhwalithi yefayela elingokoqobo noma ledijithali Kuyisihluthulelo sokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kanye nokubonisana.

Ezinqubweni zezimali, ubambisana emibikweni yemali engenayo kanye namaphepha ebhalansi aphakathi konyaka noma onyaka, ngokwekhalenda lenkampani. Umbiko wezikhathi ezithile kubaphathi Kudinga amashadi athembekile nahambisanayo anezilinganiso zokubala.

Uma inkampani isisungula, umsizi angakwazi qinisekisa amadokhumenti athile kubantu besithathu (isib., ubufakazi bemali engenayo/izindleko), kulandela izinqubo ezibekwe ukuqinisekisa amadokhumenti.

Futhi endaweni yezimali ezisebenzayo, umsizi usiza ukuhlela isimiso sokukhokha kanye nokuqoqa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-invoyisi kanye nokudluliselwa kwemali kwamukelwa kahle nokuthi izinsuku ezibalulekile aziphuthelwa.

Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvala kahle

Ukuvala kwanyanga zonke okubushelelezi kuqala ngokugcinwa kwamarekhodi kwansuku zonke. Ukuvumelanisa izitatimende zasebhange nokubuyekeza ama-ledger amakhasimende/abahlinzeki Ihlala inciphisa ukulungiswa komzuzu wokugcina.

Omunye umkhuba onconywayo ukugcina ukuvala uhlu lokuhlola kanye namafolda okusekela ngezinombolo ezicacile, ukuze noma yimuphi umcwaningi mabhuku noma umuntu ophethe akwazi ukuthola ubufakazi ngokushesha.

Okokugcina, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubekela eceleni isikhathi ukuhlolwa kwamaspredishithi futhi uhlole amafomula noma izixhumanisi, ugweme ukungafani okubangelwa izixhumanisi eziphukile noma amaseli abhekiselwe ngokungalungile.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile nokuthi ungawagwema kanjani

Amaphutha avamile afaka phakathi ukukhohlwa ukunamathisela amadokhumenti asekelayo, ukurekhoda ngedethi engalungile, noma ukweqa isinyathelo sokuqinisekisa. Isixazululo sisezinqubweni ezibhaliwe kanye nokulawula ushintsho kumadokhumenti ayisihluthulelo.

Elinye iphutha eliphindaphindayo ukungabhali ukubuyiselwa kwemali noma amanothi esikweletu ngaleso sikhathi. Buyekeza ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukuthengiselana okuthinta ibhalansi Gwema ukungavumelani kwesikhathi esizayo namakhasimende noma abaphakeli.

Okokugcina, ukungakunaki ukubaluleka kokuxhumana kwangaphakathi kungadala izithiyo. Bika izehlakalo nemibuzo ngokushesha kusiza ukuzixazulula ngaphandle kokuthinta ukuvalwa.

Indlela yokufaka indima ezinkampanini ezinobukhulu obuhlukene

Ezinkampanini ezincane, umsizi we-accounting angenza imisebenzi eminingi yokuphatha. Ukuguquguquka kuyinzuzo yokuncintisana futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ufunde okuncane kwakho konke.

Ezinkampanini eziphakathi nezinkulu, lesi sikhundla sithambekele ekukhetheni okukhethekile: amakhasimende, abaphakeli, amabhange, izimpahla… Uma inqubo ijwayelekile kakhuluUma ukunemba kanye nesivinini sokwenza izinto kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

Kuzo zonke izimo, into ebalulekile incazelo yomsebenzi chaza ngokucacile imithwalo yemfanelo kanye nemingcele nokuthi kukhona ukwesekwa okuvela eqenjini eliphezulu lokuthuthukiswa kobungcweti.

Noma ubani ocabanga ukwenza igxathu elikhulu uyobe enza kahle ukubukeza yonke imisebenzi echazwe lapha. Thola amakhono owafundile kanye nalawo okudingeka uwaqinisefuthi uthuthukise uhlelo lokuqeqesha oluhlanganisa imithethonqubo, amathuluzi, kanye nokubika.

Ngemva kokubukeza imisebenzi, imisebenzi, kanye nezidingo, kuba sobala ukuthi indima yomsizi we-accounting isekela ukuthembeka kolwazi lwezezimali kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinqubo. Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi okungenaphutha, amadokhumenti ahlelekile, kanye nokuxhumana neminye iminyango Ziyisisekelo sebhizinisi sokuqonda iqiniso lalo lezomnotho nokwenza izinqumo ngokuzethemba.

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