- Ukwanda kwedola kuqhutshwa kakhulu yizinqubomgomo ezivimbelayo zeFederal Reserve kanye nendima yayo njengempahla ephephile ngezikhathi zenhlekelele.
- Idola laseMelika elinamandla lenza ukungeniswa kwamandla nezinto zokusetshenziswa kubize kakhulu, okubeka ingcindezi ekukhuphukeni kwamanani emazweni angenisa futhi kunciphisa amandla emali emakethe asafufusa.
- Amandla e-USD anomthelela ophambene ekuthengisweni kwezimpahla ezifana negolide, ama-cryptocurrencies, kanye namasheya ezimakethe ezisathuthuka.
Ebhodini eliyinkimbinkimbi lomnotho womhlaba, ibhalansi phakathi kwezimali iyisihluthulelo sayo yonke into, ithinta indlela esithenga futhi sithengise ngayo izimpahla phakathi kwezizwe. Kulesi simo, idola laseMelika aliyona nje enye imali; lisebenza njengemakethe ekhululekile kanye nomgogodla wokuhweba kwamazwe ngamazwe, libeka ijubane lokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Uma sikhuluma ngokuqiniswa kwedola, asibhekiseli nje kuphela enombolweni esesikrinini, kodwa nasesimweni esishintshashintsha uketshezi lwemakethe. Kusukela ezitokweni zobuchwepheshe eNingizimu Korea kuya emananini kaphethiloli eSpain, ukuguquguquka kwe-USD kudala amagagasi okushaqisayo aphoqa abatshalizimali nohulumeni ukuthi bashintshe amasu abo ngokushesha ukuze bagweme ukulahlekelwa.
Yini ngempela ebangela ukwenyuka kwedola?
Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kungani idola lithola amandla, kumele siqale sibheke eWashington. Izenzo zeFederal Reserve (Fed) yizona ezibangela lokhu; lapho ibhange eliphakathi lase-US liphakamisa amazinga enzalo ukuze linciphise ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo, imali iba yindleko futhi ikhange kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi imali ingene e-US kanye nedola likhuphuke uma liqhathaniswa ne-euro noma iphawundi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho umhlaba uphendukezelwa yizingxabano zezombusazwe njengempi yase-Ukraine noma izinkinga zezempilo, idola lisebenza njengempahla ephephe kakhulu . Abatshalizimali, besaba ukungazinzi, bathengisa izimpahla zabo ezimakethe ezisafufusa futhi bathenga amabhondi e-US Treasury, okukhuthaza ukufunwa kwemali yaseMelika.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, asinakukhohlwa ukubaluleka kwayo emlandweni. Kusukela ezivumelwaneni zaseBretton Woods kuya ekushintsheleni emalini ye -fiat esekelwe ekuthembeni, i-USD iqinise isikhundla sayo. Iqiniso lokuthi umnotho wase-US uvame ukuqina kakhulu kunomnotho waseYurophu lapho ubhekene nezinkinga zangaphandle liqinisa umbono wokuthi uyindawo ephephile yokugcina imali.
Umthelela oqondile kwezentengiselwano kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali
Ukuba nedola eliqinile kuyindaba ebuhlungu emazweni angenisa izinto zokusetshenziswa. Isibonelo esicacile yiSpain, njengoba ingumthengisi we-hydrocarbon ophelele , egcina ikhokha ibhili yamandla ephezulu kakhulu ngoba ama-euro ayo athenga amadola ambalwa, imali esetshenziselwa ukukhokhela uwoyela.
Lokhu kukhuphuka kwentengo akugcini nje eziteshini zikaphethiloli; kusakazeka kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka, kukhuphula izindleko zokuhamba, futhi ngenxa yalokho, intengo yokudla . Kungumphumela we-domino lapho amandla edola egcina ebhebhethekisa ukwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke.
Ukusabela ezimakethe zezimali kanye nezimpahla zokutshalwa kwezimali
Kulabo abahweba ezimakethe, i-Dollar Index (DXY) iyikhampasi eyisisekelo. Lapho i-DXY ikhuphuka, imvamisa iba nomphumela ophambene kwezinye izimpahla. Izimpahla ezifana negolide namafutha zivame ukwehla ngentengo ngoba, njengoba zithengiswa ngamadola, ziba zibiza kakhulu kubathengi abasebenzisa ezinye izimali, okunciphisa isidingo.
- Ama-cryptocurrensets: I-Bitcoin nezinye izimpahla zedijithali zivame ukuhlupheka lapho idola linamandla, njengoba abaningi bezibona njengezinqolobane ezingasetshenziswa ezilahlekelwa ukukhanga uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphepha kwe-USD.
- Izimakethe Ezisafufusa: Izimali zaseLatin America, njenge-peso yaseMexico noma yaseChile, zingaphansi kwengcindezi eyehlayo, okubangela ukuphuma kwemali eya empahleni ephephile yase-US.
- Izenzo: Nakuba izinkampani zase-US zingase zizuze ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe okushibhile, inzuzo yazo yamazwe ngamazwe iyancipha uma ziwaguqula abe yimali enamandla kangaka.
Ezimweni ezivimbela ubungozi , sibona ukuthengiswa okukhulu kwezimpahla emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe base-Asia noma ukwehla kwezinkomba zemakethe yamasheya emazweni asathuthuka, kuyilapho uketshezi lugxile kumabhondi namasheya ase-US.
Izinselele zokuhweba kanye nokusebenza kokuhweba
Ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwedola kungashintsha ukuhweba okulula kube yiphupho elibi kumhwebi. Ukunyakaza okubukhali okubangelwa idatha ye-CPI noma imihlangano ye-FOMC kudala isimo sokushelela , lapho i-oda lenziwa ngentengo ehlukile kunefiswayo ngenxa yokuntuleka koketshezi olusheshayo.
Ukuze uzulazule kulezi zindlela, kubalulekile ukuqapha uketshezi lwemakethe ngesikhathi sangempela futhi usebenzise umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlaziya i-forex . Ukuhlonza ukuthi ama-oda amakhulu okuthenga noma okuthengisa agxile kuphi kukuvumela ukuthi ubikezele ukuthi izinga lokusekela lizohlala noma intengo izokwehla yini ngemva kwezindaba. Ukugcina irekhodi eliningiliziwe encwadini yokuhweba kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi izinqumo ze-Fed zithinta kanjani impahla ngayinye, okukuvumela ukuthi ulungise ama-oda okulahlekelwa yimali kanye nezinhloso zenzuzo.
Ukubusa kwedola emhlabeni wonke, okubalwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yazo zonke izimali ezidluliselwa kwamanye amazwe nge-SWIFT, kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka kwenani lalo kushintsha ukugeleza kwemali emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamazinga enzalo e-Fed, ukuzinza kwezepolitiki, kanye nesidingo sezimpahla eziphephile kunquma ukuthi imali igeleza yini emazweni asafufusa noma iziqinisa ezimakethe zase-US, okunomthelela ekukhuphukeni kwamanani emhlabeni jikelele kanye nenzuzo cishe yanoma iyiphi iphothifoliyo yokutshalwa kwezimali.
