- Kuyini i-micro-patronage, amamodeli ayo (iminikelo, umvuzo, imali mboleko, amasheya kanye nezimali zobukhosi) kanye nezinhlobo ngenhloso.
- Indlela umkhankaso osebenza ngayo: izindima, "konke noma akukho lutho", ngaphambi komkhankaso, izihluthulelo zempumelelo kanye nezindleko.
- Amapulatifomu avelele, umthethonqubo eSpain (uMthetho 5/2015 kanye ne-CNMV) kanye nemikhakha yokusetshenziswa.
- Izibonelo zangempela emculweni, efilimini, nasebuchwephesheni: izinzuzo, izingozi, kanye nenani njengocwaningo lwemakethe.
Uma sikhuluma nge -crowdfunding noma i-micro-patronage, sibhekisela endleleni yokuxhasa ngezimali amaphrojekthi kusetshenziswa i-inthanethi ukuqoqa iminikelo emincane kubantu abaningi. Akukhona nje "ukudlulisa isigqoko": uhlelo oluhlelekile lokuxhasa ngezimali ngokubambisana olunemithetho, amapulatifomu, izinhloso, kanye nenzuzo yalabo abahlanganyelayo.
ESpain, lesi simo siwela ngaphansi kwesisekelo samapulatifomu okuxhasa imali futhi silawulwa uMthetho 5/2015 (Isihloko V). Lo mhlahlandlela uzochaza ukuthi siyini, ukuthi sisebenza kanjani, amamodeli aso, izinhlobo ezisekelwe enjongweni , izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi, izibonelo zangempela emculweni, efilimini, ezobuchwepheshe, kanye nezindlu, umehluko namagama ahlobene, futhi unikeze umbono jikelele wamapulatifomu nezinto ezibalulekile zomkhankaso ophumelelayo.
Kuyini ukuxhaswa kwemali kwabantu abaningi noma ukuxhaswa ngemali encane?
Igama lesiNgisi elithi crowdfunding livame ukuhunyushwa ngokuthi i-collective noma i-mass financing, futhi lisetshenziswa ngamagama afana nalawa: i-micro-patronage, i-crowdfunding, i-crowdfunding esekelwe ekubhaliseni , kanye ne-crowdfunding. Empeleni, livumela abadali, osomabhizinisi, izinhlangano, noma abantu ngabanye ukuthi baqoqe imali ngeminikelo noma ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane okudluliselwa ngamapulatifomu aku-inthanethi.
Kuye ngemodeli ekhethiwe, abanikeli bangathola umkhiqizo noma ulwazi (imivuzo), inzalo uma kuyimali mboleko, amasheya/isitoko uma kuyitshalomali, noma ukwaneliseka nje kokusekela imbangela uma kuyiminikelo. Ubukhulu bedijithali buyisihluthulelo: lesi sitatimende sivame ukugcizelela, ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi besingeke sikhulume nge-crowdfunding yanamuhla , ngoba ukusabalala kwayo kanye nokulandeleka kwayo kuvela ku-inthanethi.
Imvelaphi, imigomo kanye nohlaka lwezomthetho eSpain
Nakuba isuka eminikelweni yendabuko kanye nokubhalisela , ukwanda kwanamuhla kwafika ne-inthanethi. Kunezigigaba ezixoxwa kabanzi, njengeqembu laseBrithani iMarillion, abalandeli balo abaqoqe imali ku-inthanethi ngohambo lwabo lwase-US lwango-1997. ESpain, kunesibonelo sangaphambilini nesimangalisa nakakhulu: I-Extremoduro yaxhasa ukuqoshwa kwe-albhamu yabo yokuqala ngo-1989 ngokuyithengisela abalandeli bayo kusengaphambili.
Ngokombono wezomthetho waseSpain, i-crowdfunding ihlelwe ngokususelwa kulokho okwaziwa ngokuthi amapulatifomu okuxhasa ngemali ngokuhlanganyela , alawulwa uMthetho 5/2015, okhuthaza ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwebhizinisi. Lolu hlaka lokulawula luhlinzeka ngokuhleleka kanye nemikhawulo, ebaluleke kakhulu lapho imali mboleko, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamasheya, noma i-crowdfunding yezindlu iqala ukusebenza. ESpain, i-crowdfunding yezindlu ingaphansi kwemithetho ye-CNMV yokuqinisa ukuvikelwa kwabatshalizimali.
Indlela umkhankaso osebenza ngayo kanye nezindima ezihilelekile
Ngamazwi angokoqobo, umkhankaso uqala ngesiphakamiso esicacile: umgqugquzeli uchaza umkhiqizo noma iphrojekthi, ubala umgomo wokuqoqa imali , uhlela iminikelo yomusa, futhi ulungiselela izinto (umbhalo, ividiyo, izithombe) ukuze zishicilelwe epulatifomu. Konke lokhu kusekelwa uhlelo olungokoqobo olunesabelomali, isikhathi, kanye nezinhlelo zokulethwa kwempahla.
Kunabantu abathathu ababalulekile abahilelekile: ukuqoqa imali noma umxhasi wezimali (oqala iphrojekthi), ipulatifomu (ithuluzi eliku-inthanethi eliphatha izinkokhelo, amakhasi omkhankaso, futhi elinikeza ukubonakala), kanye nabasekeli noma abaxhasi (abantu ngabanye noma izinhlangano ezinikela ngezimali). Ipulatifomu isebenza njengomxhumanisi kanye nomgcini wenqubo, enemithetho ecacile kanye nezimali ezikhokhwayo ezimalini eziqoqiwe, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhoxiswa imali.
Isici esibalulekile yi- paradigm ethi "konke noma akukho lutho" : uma umgomo ungafinyelelwanga ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esibekiwe, akukho zindleko ezikhokhwayo futhi akukho mali ekhishwayo. Le ndlela, eyake yabizwa ngokuthi " izithembiso ," inikeza ukuphepha komxhasi futhi iqinisekisa isidingo somgqugquzeli wephrojekthi. Nakuba amapulatifomu anamamodeli ahlukile ekhona, "konke noma akukho lutho" kusalokhu kuyindinganiso yokuphathwa kwezingozi nokucaca.
Amamodeli okubuyisela: umnikelo, umvuzo, amasheya, imali mboleko, kanye nezimali zobukhosi
Kunezindlela ezinhlanu eziyinhloko kuye ngembuyiselo umhlanganyeli ayitholayo: iminikelo ( isisusa sobugovu, ngaphandle kwembuyiselo ebonakalayo), imivuzo esekelwe (umkhiqizo, isevisi noma ulwazi lokushintshana), ukuxhaswa ngemali kwezabelo, izimali mboleko ezinenzalo (ukuhlanganiswa kwabantu , kumafomula e-P2P noma e-P2B) kanye nezimali zobukhosi , lapho iphesenti lemali engenayo yephrojekthi yabelwana ngayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhaswa kwezindlu nabantu abaningi kuye kwanda eSpain, okuvumela abatshalizimali ukuthi batshale imali ezindaweni ngaphandle kokuthenga impahla yonke, esikhundleni salokho babe ngabanikazi bamasheya emotweni enayo impahla. I-CNMV (i-Spanish National Securities Market Commission) isungula uhlaka lokuhlinzeka ngokuphepha—ikakhulukazi kubatshalizimali abancane—futhi amapulatifomu adalula ulwazi ngezingozi , izindleko, kanye nemithetho yokusebenza.
Izinhlobo ngenhloso: ibhizinisi, ubumbano, umculo, ezomuntu siqu kanye nezokwelapha
Uma sibheka ukuthi yini exhasiwe, kunezinhlobo ezivamile: amaphrojekthi ebhizinisi (amabhizinisi amasha namabhizinisi), izinhlelo zosizo (ama-NGO, izimbangela zomphakathi, izimo eziphuthumayo), imikhankaso yomculo (ama-albhamu, izinkambo, amavidiyo omculo), imigomo yomuntu siqu noma yeqembu (izipho zeqembu, uhambo, amaphathi), kanye nezidingo zezokwelapha (ukwelashwa noma izindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo ezingamboziwe umshwalense). Ngayinye ifaneleka kangcono kumodeli ehlukile yokubuyisela.
Ukuchuma komculo kuyamangalisa kakhulu: amaqembu nabaculi bathole ukuthi ekuqoqweni kwemali eqoqweni labantu abaningi isiteshi sokuqinisekisa izethameli kanye nokukhishwa kwezimali ngaphandle kwabalamuli. Kodwa akugcini nje ngomculo: amabhulogi, amaphephandaba, amafilimu azimele, imidlalo yevidiyo, kanye nocwaningo lokudala konke kusebenzisa le ndlela ngenxa yekhono layo lokwakha umphakathi.
Amacala omlando kanye nezibonelo ezimele
Embonini yamasiko, kunezibonelo eziningi. Ngo-2004, abakhiqizi ababili baseFrance—uGuillaume Colboc noBenjamin Pommeraud—baqoqe cishe ama-€60.000 emasontweni amathathu ukuze baqophe ifilimu iDemain la Veille . ESpain, kunendaba ye-O Apóstolo (2007), eyathengisa amasheya ngo-€30, kanye nephrojekthi enkulu i-El Cosmonauta , eyavumela abantu ukuthi bayisekele ngemali encane njenge-€2 futhi yavuzwa ngesikweletu.
Kukhona futhi amacala afana ne -Special Operations , ebhalwe ngumqondisi uPaco Soto, noma ifilimu ende ephakathi ethi Difficult Loves, ebhalwe nguLucina Gil — owine i-Goya —, exhaswe ngengxenye ngenkampani yokuqala yaseSpain yokuxhasa imali futhi yagcina iqokelwe kuma-Goya Awards ka-2013 . ELatin America, idokhumentari yokudala i-Durazno yavelela, igxile ekukhiqizweni okusimeme.
Uma sigxila kubuchwepheshe nomkhiqizo, imikhankaso efana ne- Oculus Rift (kusukela emgomweni ongu-$250.000 kuya ngaphezu kuka-$2 million, ngaphambi kokuthengwa kwayo yi-Facebook), i-Pebble (iwashi elihlakaniphile elinenani eliqophayo lokuqoqa imali), ipeni le- 3Doodler 3D (umgomweni ongu-$30.000 nangaphezulu kuka-$2 million) noma amabhayisikili asongwayo e -MATE ($24 million emikhankasweni emibili, abantu abangu-8.000 abahilelekile kanye nemiklomelo engu-26.000 elethwayo) iyagqama.
ESpain, uhlobo lwezicathulo iTropic/Tropicfeel lubandakanyeke emiqhudelwaneni eminingi yokuxhaswa ngezimali edumile: luqoqe izigidi ekuthengisweni kwangaphambi kokuthengiswa futhi, ngezabelo kuCrowdcube, lwathola cishe ama-€1,8 million ukuze kusheshiswe ukwanda kwalo. Ezinye izindaba zempumelelo eziphawulekayo zifaka phakathi iHawkers (izibuko zelanga) kanye ne -EOZ Air (ama-headphone), kanye nezibalo ezidlula amakhulu ezinkulungwane futhi zifinyelela ngisho ne-€1 million.
Emkhakheni wezindaba, i-El Español yephule irekhodi lomhlaba esigabeni sayo (imidiya yedijithali) ngemodeli ehlanganisiwe: okokuqala, yaphakamisa izabelo, kwathi lapho isiba yinkampani yomphakathi elinganiselwe, lezi zabelo zaguqulwa zaba amasheya. Esinye isibonelo yi- Eureka-Startups Experts , eyashintsha isuka kubhulogi yaya emakethe yokubonisana ngevidiyo ngenxa yokuxhaswa ngemali yi-crowdfunding.
Izinzuzo zangempela nezingozi okufanele uzicabangele
Okukhanga kakhulu ukuthi imali ayiveli kumtshali-zimali oyedwa: iminikelo ihlanganiswa ndawonye , okuvumela imibono ukuthi ifezekiswe uhlelo lwamabhange olungase lungalusekeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abasekela iphrojekthi bavame ukuba amakhasimende abo okuqala nabameli, ngaleyo ndlela beqinisekisa inzalo yemakethe ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa okukhulu.
Enye inzuzo ukuthi imikhankaso eminingi ihlelwe njengokuthengisa kwangaphambi kokuthengisa : uma ufinyelela umgomo, uyakhiqiza futhi uyaletha; uma kungenjalo, akekho okhokhayo futhi akekho okhiqizayo. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuzifaka ezikweletini ukuze wakhe into engadingeki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-crowdfunding ikusiza ukuthi wakhe ukuqwashisa ngomkhiqizo kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, ngempendulo eqhubekayo.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinkinga. Ukuhlela kahle iphrojekthi kudinga umsebenzi: ukulungiselela iphrothokholi ekhangayo, ukuhlukanisa izindleko nezintela , ukuklama imivuzo engokoqobo, nokuxhumana njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amapulatifomu akhokhisa imali yokufaka imali nokukhipha imali, anemigomo edingayo, futhi abhekene nemikhawulo yendawo noma yezomthetho kuye ngezwe.
Kukhona futhi ingozi yokwembula lo mbono kusenesikhathi, okuholela ekulingisisweni. Futhi akuwona wonke amaphrojekthi alungele ukukholisa isisekelo esibanzi sabatshalizimali abancane, ikakhulukazi uma kuyizinhlelo ezisesigabeni sokuqala kakhulu, ezinengozi enkulu.
Isu nokumaketha: izinto zangaphambi komkhankaso, konke noma lutho, kanye nezici zempumelelo
Imikhankaso ephumelela kakhulu ihlelwa ngezigaba ezintathu: ngaphambi komkhankaso (ukufudumeza izithameli, uhlu lwe-imeyili, kanye nempahla yokudala), umkhankaso (ukwethulwa kanye nokusunduzwa), kanye nangemuva komkhankaso (ukukhiqiza, ukulethwa, kanye nokuxhumana). Ngaphambi komkhankaso, dala ikhasi lokufika ukuze uthwebule abantu abaholayo, unikeze amanani kusenesikhathi , futhi ulungiselele ividiyo ecacile echaza inani, izindleko, kanye nesikhathi.
Idatha ibalulekile: ukufinyelela ku-30% wenhloso ngesonto lokuqala kwandisa kakhulu amathuba empumelelo (okunye ukuhlaziya kukhomba u-90%). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuwa ngaphansi kuka-20% kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwehluleka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwesekwa kokuqala nokuba nomphakathi osebenzayo kusukela ngosuku lokuqala.
Imodeli ethi "konke noma akukho lutho" inciphisa ubungozi, kodwa idinga ukulungisa umgomo wemali engenayo kulokho okudingekayo ngempela ekukhiqizeni nasekulethweni. Bala imingcele yezindleko ezingalindelekile, izindleko zokukhiqiza nezokuthumela, intela ekuthengisweni kusengaphambili, kanye nemali yesikhulumi kanye neyokukhokha (ukwengeza cishe u-10% kuwumthetho ohlakaniphile).
Ngokuphathelene nokuxhumana, cabanga ngezilaleli zakho futhi ushicilele njalo okuqukethwe okuwusizo eziteshini ezifanele (ezokuxhumana, i-imeyili, izinkundla zokuxhumana, abezindaba). Phendula imibuzo ngokushesha futhi ugcine izibuyekezo ezisobala. Umkhankaso wokuxhasa imali we-crowdfunding owenziwe kahle nawo uyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokucwaninga ngemakethe : uzofunda ukuthi izilaleli zakho zizimisele ukukhokha malini, ukuthi yimiphi imiyalezo ethinta inhliziyo, nokuthi yiziphi intuthuko ezingathanda ukuyibona.
Amapulatifomu nezici ezidumile
Phakathi kwamapulatifomu aziwa kakhulu yiKickstarter (egxile kumaphrojekthi, hhayi ezinkampanini zokuxhasa ngezimali), i-Indiegogo (izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kanye nokuguquguquka), iVerkami (esetshenziswa kabanzi kumaphrojekthi okudala eSpain), iGoFundMe (ubukhona obuqinile kwezempilo, izilwane, izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nemfundo), iGoteo (idinga imbuyiselo ehlangene futhi ikhuthaza umthelela emphakathini; iyinhlangano engenzi nzuzo enenzuzo yentela engaba khona ) kanye ne -Ulule (ivumela ukusetha umgomo wezezimali noma inani lamayunithi).
Ezweni elikhuluma iSpanishi, iLánzanos nayo ivelele , ngesistimu yokuqinisekisa umphakathi ("ibhokisi") ngemuva kokuvunyelwa kwepulatifomu kokuqala: iphrojekthi kumele idlule umkhawulo othile wokuvota ukuze iqhubekele ekuxhasweni ngezimali. Ipulatifomu ngayinye inesiko layo nemithetho yayo, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuqhathanisa ukufinyelela, izimali, izithameli, kanye nokuhambisana nendawo yakho ngaphambi kokukhetha.
Kunezinkundla ezikhethekile zomkhakha ngamunye (umculo, amafilimu, ucwaningo, imfundo) kanye nemodeli (ukulingana, ukubolekisa, imivuzo, iminikelo). Ekutshalweni kwezimali kanye nokubolekisa, amagama afana ne -Crowd Angel (Spain), i-Crowdcube (UK, enendawo enkulu eSpain), kanye ne -Brota (Chile, egxile esifundeni) ayagqama. Impumelelo yabo igcizelele ukuxhaswa kwezimali njenge-equity njengendlela esebenzayo yokuxhasa ukukhula.
Baphinde basebenzise izinhlelo zesifunda ezifana ne -Seed&Click , eziqondiswe kubadali kanye nosomabhizinisi. Ngemva kwenqubo yokubuyekezwa yibhodi lezeluleko, amaphrojekthi ayashicilelwa ukuze kudonswe iminikelo ukuze kutholakale imiklomelo noma iminikelo. Uma umgomo ufinyelelwe phakathi nesikhathi esibekiwe, umgqugquzeli wephrojekthi uthola imali; uma kungenjalo, iminikelo iyabuyiselwa. Zibonisa ukutshalwa kwezimali okumaphakathi okungu-€10.000, ukusebenza ezigabeni zembewu, ukuqala, kanye nokukhulisa, futhi zisekele amaphrojekthi afana ne-POSTUMER, ARTISTS FIRST, PLAYWITHME, CASAL DELS INFANTS, kanye ne-CLUBSQ, ngezinsizakalo kulo lonke elaseCatalonia.
Ukubolekisa imali kubantu abaningi, i-P2P/P2B kanye nokuxhaswa ngemali kwezindlu
Ukubolekisa imali (i-crowdfunding) kuvumela abantu noma izinkampani ukuthi baboleke imali kuphrojekthi ngokushintshana nenzalo okuvunyelwene ngayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokubolekisa imali: i-P2P ( peer-to-peer) kanye ne-P2B (peer-to-business). Ngokuvamile kuyashesha futhi kuyancintisana kakhulu nezindleko kunemali mboleko yendabuko, kodwa kunengozi yokwehluleka , okumele iphathwe ngokuhlukahluka kanye nokuhlaziywa.
Ukuxhaswa ngemali kwe-equity kuvula umnyango wokutshala imali enhlokodolobha yokuqala ngokuthola amasheya noma iziteki ze-equity. Akukhona okungenazo izingozi, kodwa kunikeza ithuba lokusekela ukukhula kwezinkampani ezisafufusa. Ukuxhaswa kwemali kwe-estate crowdfunding, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili , sekusungulwe njengendlela yokungena ezimpahleni zezindlu ezinamanani amancane okutshalwa kwezimali kanye nomthethonqubo oqondile ngaphansi kwe-CNMV (i-Spanish National Securities Market Commission).
Idatha, izifundo kanye nokuvela komkhakha
Ukukhula kube okuphawulekayo eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. ESpain, ucwaningo olwenziwe yi -Universo Crowdfunding ngokubambisana ne-Complutense University of Madrid lulinganisele ukuthi ukuxhaswa ngemali kwabantu abaningi okwaqoqwa ngo-2016 kwafinyelela ku-€73.172.388, okumele ukwanda okungaphezu kuka-145% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Akugcini nje ngokukhula ngobuningi: futhi kuya ngokuya kuba ngochwepheshe , kugxile emikhakheni ethile, futhi kuthuthuka ekuguqulweni nasekugcinweni kwezibalo.
Impikiswano yomqondo isavulekile: abanye bakhetha ukugodla igama elithi "micro-patronage" ngeminikelo ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo sezezimali, kanti abanye balisebenzisa kabanzi kunoma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsiza okuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthaza amaphrojekthi. Empeleni, imakethe yamukele umbono ohlanganisa wonke umuntu lapho iminikelo, imivuzo, imali mboleko, amasheya, kanye nezimali zobukhosi zikhona ndawonye.
Umehluko ngokuqoqwa kwezimali kanye nokuqoqa imali
Kubalulekile ukungadidanisi amagama: ukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi kubantu abaningi kuwukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi emphakathini (imibono, ukuklama, izixazululo), kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwezimali kubantu abaningi kuwukuqongelela imali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqoqa imali kuhlotshaniswa nokuqoqa imali yezinjongo zosizo kanye nezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, yize ukucabanga kwayo kuphefumulele inguqulo eguquliwe ehloselwe amaphrojekthi azo zonke izinhlobo.
Izicelo kwezepolitiki, ezomnotho, amasiko, ezemfundo kanye nesayensi
Ngaphandle kobuqambi, ukuxhaswa ngemali kwabantu abaningi kungene enkundleni yezepolitiki njengendlela ehlukile yokuboleka imali ebhange: izibalo ezifana noBarack Obama noPablo Iglesias zisebenzise ukuxhaswa kwemali kwabantu abaningi emizamweni kanye nemikhankaso. Kwezomnotho nakwezebhizinisi, ukulingana kanye nokubolekwa kwemali kwabantu abaningi kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yekhono labo lokukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali ezigabeni zokuqala.
Kwezobuciko kanye nobuntu, indima yokusekelwa kwamasiko isibe ngentando yeningi: namuhla kungenzeka ukushicilela incwadi, ukukhiqiza idokhumentari, noma ukufaka umbukiso kusetshenziswa amapulatifomu azinikele. Kwezemfundo nakwezengqondo, kuvela izinhlelo zokuxhasa amaphrojekthi okufundisa kanye nezifundo ezisetshenziswayo; kanti kwezesayensi nobuchwepheshe , i-crowdfunding ivula izindlela ezihambisana nokuxhaswa ngemali komphakathi.
Indlela yokuhlela kahle umkhankaso wakho (isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokusebenza)
Ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele kubalulekile: uma uhlobo lweprototype lusesesigabeni salo sokuqala, kuzoba nzima ukukholisa noma ubani. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuphatha iphrojekthi ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi (izinto zokudala, imibiko yabezindaba, ama-imeyili, izinkundla zokuxhumana, ikhalenda) bese uchaza izinhloso ezicacile: isabelomali, izinyathelo eziphakathi nendawo (isibonelo, ukufinyelela ku-25% emahoreni angu-72), nokuthi yini ezolethwa nokuthi nini.
Khetha ipulatifomu efanele izidingo zakho: ngezinye izikhathi inketho encane, yendawo ingcono kuneyomhlaba wonke encintisana kakhulu . Yakha indaba yomkhiqizo wakho: xhuma ngokomzwelo (khuthaza, khuthaza, phakamisa) ngobuqiniso kanye nezindinganiso. Lungiselela izimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa kanye nohlelo lokubuyekezwa ngesikhathi nangemva kokwethulwa.
Qedela izinombolo, kufaka phakathi izimali zepulatifomu kanye nesango lokukhokha , izindleko zokukhiqiza, ukupakisha, i-VAT/intela, kanye nezinhlelo zokuthumela. Lungisa uhlelo lwakho lokukhiqiza ngesikhathi umkhankaso uphela: "impi" yangempela iqala lapho sekuyisikhathi sokufeza izithembiso zakho.
Ukuxhasa ngezimali njenge-crowdfunding, ukwakha umphakathi, kanye ne-SEO
Iphrojekthi ehlelwe kahle iphinda isebenzise umphumela wayo njengesiteshi sokumaketha : abasekeli ngokwabo basakaza izindaba ngomkhankaso, futhi ipulatifomu inikeza ukubonakala okwengeziwe (abaningi basendaweni enhle kakhulu ezinjini zokusesha). Umphumela uba ukwakha umphakathi , ukuqinisekiswa kwesiphakamiso, kanye nesisekelo samakhasimende—ngisho nabatshalizimali—sezigaba zesikhathi esizayo.
Ngisho noma ungafinyeleli umgomo wakho, uzobe usuthole ukuqonda okubalulekile kwemakethe : ukuthi yiziphi izipesheli ezidumile kodwa ezingaguquki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amanani adinga ukulungiswa, noma ukuthi izithameli eziqondiwe bekungezona ezifanele. Lokhu kuhlakanipha kukusiza ukuthi ubuyekeze umkhiqizo wakho kanye nokuxhumana kwakho ngengozi encane kanye nokugxila okungcono.
Imiqondo ehlobene kanye namagama asetshenziswa ohlelweni lwe-ecosystem
Ukuxhaswa kwemali okuzungezile yizinto ezifana ne -microcredit , i-microfinance, i-micropayments, kanye nezinsizakalo zobulungu njenge- Patreon , ngaphezu kwezinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Kickstarter kanye ne-peer-to-peer ( P2P ) noma amapulatifomu okuboleka imali kontanga ( P2B ). Lonke uhlelo lwe-ecosystem lwakha imephu eshintsha ngokushesha yezimali ezihlukile .
ESpain nakwamanye amamakethe, kuye kwavela amapulatifomu, izinkomba, kanye nemiphakathi ethile eqoqe izifundo nemibiko , ihlaziye izindaba zempumelelo, futhi iqoqe nezitayela ezibucayi kanye nokukhwabanisa okudumile, okusikhumbuza ukuthi lesi siteshi, njenganoma yisiphi esinye, sidinga ukucophelela okufanele , ukucaca, kanye nokuba ngokoqobo.
I-Crowdfunding ihlanganisa uxhaso, ukumaketha, kanye nokuqinisekiswa njengezinye izindlela ezimbalwa. Iqoqa iminikelo emincane, yakha umphakathi, yenza ukufinyelela kwemali kube ngokwentando yeningi , futhi, ngemithetho efanele—“konke noma lutho,” imbuyiselo ecacile, izindleko ezibalwe kahle, ukuxhumana okuqotho, kanye nokukhetha ipulatifomu—iba yindlela eqinile yokuletha imibono ekuphileni ngaphandle kokubopha ikusasa lephrojekthi.
