- I-Federal Reserve isebenzise indlela evimbela kakhulu, isusa isiqondiso sokuya phambili futhi yenza kube nzima ukubikezela kokunciphisa inzalo.
- Izimakethe ezisafufusa ziveza isimo esingafani, amanye amazwe elwa nokwehla kwamandla emali kanti amanye enza kube lula ngezinqubomgomo zawo.
- Kukhona ingozi efihliwe emazingeni aphezulu esikweletu sangaphandle emazweni afana neTürkiye noma iChile, uma kuqhathaniswa namathuba amahle emali engenayo ehleliwe yendawo.
Uma sikhuluma ngezenzo zeFederal Reserve, sivame ukubhekisela kumdlalo we-chess lapho iphutha elilodwa lingaphazamisa khona wonke amaphothifoliyo. Njengamanje, sisesikhathini esibucayi lapho indlela entsha kaKevin Warsh ishiye khona 'isiqondiso sokuya phambili' esidumile, okushiya abatshalizimali bezama ukubikezela ukuthi amazinga enzalo azoya kuphi, okwengeza ukungaqiniseki okwengeziwe endaweni yezezimali.
Okwamanje, ngaphesheya kwechibi, izimakethe ezisafufusa zibhekene nohambo lwangempela lwe-rollercoaster. Asikwazi ukuzihlanganisa zonke ngoba impendulo yezezimali ihlukahlukene kakhulu : kuyilapho ezinye ziqinisa izikulufo ukuze zinciphise amanani, ezinye zizitika ngokwehlisa amazinga enzalo ukuze zizame ukuvuselela umnotho wazo, konke lokhu ngenkathi zibukele ngokukhathazeka ukuthi iWashington inquma ukuthini.
Ideshibhodi ye-Fed kanye nokuguquguquka kwedola
Iqiniso liwukuthi ukubheja okuvunyelwene ngakho ekunciphiseni inzalo kuye kwawa. I-Fed ayigcinanga nje kuphela amazinga kodwa ishintshele esimweni esinomkhawulo kakhulu, ishiya ithuba lokuthi amazinga azokhuphuka kunokuba ehle . Lokhu kubangele ukuthi idola liphinde lithole amandla amakhulu, lisebenza njengendawo ephephile yakudala lapho ukuqiniseka kushabalala.
Kulesi simo, i-euro kanye ne-pound kusalele emuva, kuzwa ingcindezi yedola laseMelika elinamandla emnothweni womhlaba, elihlanganisa amazinga enzalo aphezulu nesidingo esiqhubekayo. Ezinkampanini ezingenisa noma ezithumela kwamanye amazwe, lokhu kuyikhanda elikhulu, njengoba ingozi ingekho kakhulu ekuguqukeni kokuguquguquka ngokwako, kodwa isesimweni lapho iziqiniseko zishintsha khona , okunganciphisa inzuzo ngokushesha.
Isithombe sesikweletu ezimakethe ezisafufusa
Uma sibheka izinombolo, isimo siyamangaza. Emhlabeni jikelele, izikweletu ezingezona ezemali sezifinyelele amazinga aphezulu omlando, futhi yize amazwe athuthukile ethwele umthwalo waso, ukukhula kwezikweletu ezimakethe ezisafufusa yikho okufanele kusikhathaze ngempela. Kusukela ngo-2006, izikweletu zemakethe ezisafufusa zikhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-3,4 , okuyisibalo esesabekayo uma singahlolisiswa kahle.
- Izindawo eziyingozi: Amazwe afana neChile, i-Indonesia, iMalaysia, iSaudi Arabia, iThailand, kanye neTürkiye asendaweni esengozini ngoba isikweletu sawo sidlula umkhuba wesikhathi eside.
- Isikweletu sangaphandle esiyingozi: EMalaysia nasePoland, isikweletu sangaphandle sidlula u-70% we-GDP, sisondela emikhawulweni ebilokhu ibikezela izinkinga zezimali ngokomlando.
- Ukunganele kwezimali ezigciniwe: I-Türkiye mhlawumbe yicala elibucayi kakhulu, njengoba izindawo zayo zokugcina zomhlaba wonke zingambozi izibopho zayo zesikhashana.
Akufanele sikhohlwe ingozi yamabhondi akhishwa yizinkampani ezingaphansi kwamanye amazwe, okungabeka engcupheni ukuqina kwenkampani engumzali. Umkhakha wezinkampani uthathe izintambo emkhakheni womphakathi ekukhipheni izikweletu zomhlaba wonke, kanye namazinga akhathazayo ikakhulukazi eChile naseBrazil, okwandisa ingozi yezwe kanye nomthelela wayo wezezimali.
Amathuba emali engenayo ezinzile evelayo
Naphezu kokwesaba, akuzona zonke izindaba ezimbi. Abanye babona izibopho zemakethe ezisafufusa njengethuba elihle ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi yokusebenza okuphakathi. Njengamanje, kunezilinganiso ezikhangayo kakhulu kanye nezisekelo eziqinile kulezi zimakethe , ezikhula ngaphezu komnotho othuthukile.
Isihluthulelo lapha ukungahlanganisi izinto ngokujwayelekile. Kukhona ukukhetha okukhulayo kwezikweletu zemali zasendaweni , ikakhulukazi emazweni afana neBrazil, lapho izinzuzo zangempela zidlula u-10%, okuheha kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umtshali-zimali oyisisekelo. I-China, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyisibonelo esikhethekile: yize ukukhula kwayo kuyakha, inzuzo kumabhondi ayo eminyaka eyi-10 ayigculisi, okuholela abaningi ekulondolozeni isikhundla esinciphile kumabhondi nasemasheya aseShayina.
Izingozi zomhlaba wonke kanye namasu okuvikela
Inqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US kanye nokucindezela okungenzeka kwi-Fed kokunciphisa amazinga enzalo ngokwenziwa kungenza idola libe buthaka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa futhi kungakhuphula isivuno sesikhathi eside se-Treasury. Ukuze kugwenywe ukuchayeka kulezi zinguquko, ukutshala imali egolideni kuvela njengothango lwemvelo oluphumelela kakhulu ngokumelene nokuguquguquka kwe-greenback.
Ukuze sihambe ngalezi zindlela, indlela ekhethiwe ifanelekile. Esikhundleni sokuhlaziya izikweletu zemakethe ezisafufusa zizonke, kungcono ukutadisha izwe ngalinye ngokwalo bese unquma ukuthi kungcono yini ukutshala imali emalini eqinile noma yendawo ngokusekelwe ezisekelweni zalo zangaphakathi, singanaki umsindo wezomnotho esingakwazi ukuwulawula futhi sigxile enanini langempela lempahla ngayinye.
Isimo samanje siphoqa ukuthi silinganisele ukuqapha mayelana namazinga aphezulu ezikweleti emazweni athile kanye nesifiso sokuthola imbuyiselo ephezulu ezimakethe ezikhethiwe, konke lokhu kuyilapho i-Federal Reserve ichaza kabusha imithetho yomdlalo wezimali womhlaba wonke, okuthinta ngqo inani lezimali kanye nokuzinza kwezibopho ezizimele.
