- Imakethe yezimali isebenza njengebhuloho elibalulekile eliqondisa ukonga ekutshalweni kwezimali okukhiqizayo, okukhulisa i-GDP kanye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi.
- Uhlelo lwezezimali oluqinile noluncintisanayo lunciphisa izindleko zezimali futhi lwenza kube lula ukufinyelela isikweletu semindeni kanye namabhizinisi.
- Ukuqiniseka ngokomthetho, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kanye nomthethonqubo olinganiselayo kuyizisekelo eziyisisekelo zokuheha utshalomali lwangaphandle kanye nokukhuthaza ukuzinza.
Uma sikhuluma ngomnotho, sivame ukugxila ezibalweni ze-GDP noma ukungasebenzi, kodwa asivamile ukuma sicabange ngezinto ezenza konke kusebenze. Imakethe yezimali iyiyona ndlela engabonakali evumela imali ukuthi igeleze isuka kulabo abanemali eyengeziwe iye kulabo abanemiklamo emihle abadinga uxhaso ukuze bayiqalise. Empeleni, yiyona uphethiloli ophehla ukwandiswa amabhizinisi kanye nenhlalakahle yomphakathi jikelele.
Akukhona nje kuphela ngezinombolo esikrinini sokuhweba noma ukuqagela kwemakethe yamasheya. Impilo yalolu hlelo empeleni ithinta impilo yansuku zonke yesakhamuzi ngasinye, ithinta yonke into kusukela ekulula kokuthola imali mboleko yendlu kuya ekhonweni lebhizinisi elincane lendawo lokuthuthukisa izikhungo zalo. Uma imakethe isebenza kahle, kunezinye eziningi. ukuguquguquka kwezezimali kanye namathuba angempela intuthuko yawo wonke umuntu, ukuvimbela umnotho ukuthi ungami ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemali.
Izinhlamvu eziphambili zokugeleza kwezezimali
Ukuze siqonde ukuthi le njini isebenza kanjani, kumele siqale siqonde abadlali abathintekayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinabo abakhiqiza ukunikezwa; okungukuthi, izinhlangano ezikhipha izimpahla ukuze ziqoqe imali. Lapha sithola ukuthi ohulumeni, amabhizinisi omphakathi kanye nezinkampani ezizimele abafuna uxhaso lokukhulisa imisebenzi yabo noma ukumboza izidingo zokusebenza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi kukhona abafuna imali, ikakhulukazi abatshalizimali. Laba ngabantu noma izinhlangano ezinemali eyengeziwe ezifuna ukuyikhulisa. abatshalizimali ngabanye kanye nabezinkampani Baqhutshwa kakhulu ukuphishekela inzuzo, yize kufanele bahlale behlola ingozi ehambisana nayo, ngoba ezweni lezezimali akukho nzuzo eqinisekisiwe ngaphandle kokungabaza okuncane.
Ukuze la mazwe amabili ahlangane, kudingeka abalamuli. Ama-ejenti okubeka kanye abeluleki bezezimali yizona Zenza kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingoUkuhlaziya imakethe nokusikisela izinketho ezingcono kakhulu ngokwephrofayili yengozi yeklayenti. Okokugcina, asikwazi ukukhohlwa abalawuli, njenge-CNMV eSpain noma i-SEC e-United States, abanomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kwenziwa ngokwemithetho yomdlalo. qinisekisa ukuba sobala nokuphepha yohlelo.
Izinhlobo zezimakethe kanye nezinsimbi zazo
Indawo yonke yemali inkulu futhi ihlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ngokohlobo lomkhiqizo othengiswayo. Eyokuqala yi- imakethe engenayo engaguqukilapho kuthengiswa khona amabhili, ama-promissory notes, kanye namabhondi. Lapha, umtshali-zimali uyazi kusengaphambili ukuthi uzothola inzalo engakanani, okwenza kube inketho ebikezelekayo nezinzile, ilungele labo abangafuni ukudlala ngenhliziyo yabo.
Bese kuba namasheya, lapho amasheya kanye ne-stock exchange edumile kubusa khona kakhulu. Kulesi simo, izinkampani zihlukanisa ubunikazi bazo zibe izingxenye ezincane. Noma ngubani othenga isabelo unethemba lokuthi inkampani izochuma ukuze inani liyakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathiyize kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi kuneyemali engenayo engaguquki.
- Imakethe Eyinhloko: Yilapho izimpahla zizalwa khona; yisikhathi sokuqala kokukhishwa kwezibambiso.
- Imakethe Yesibili: Yilapho kuthengwa khona futhi kudayiswe izimpahla ezikhishwe ngaphambilini, okuvumela abatshalizimali ukuthi baphinde bathole imali yabo.
- Imakethe Yezinto Ezisuselwe Kuyo: Izinkontileka ezisekelwe kwezinye izimpahla (njengezimpahla noma izinkomba) ziyahwebelana, ngokuvamile zisebenza njenge ithuluzi lokuvikela noma lokuqagela.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuzethemba kwendawo
Ukungena kwemali yangaphandle kuyinkomba ethembekile kakhulu yempilo yomnotho. Lapho abatshalizimali bamazwe ngamazwe befaka imali yabo endaweni ethile, bathumela umyalezo ocacile: banethemba ngekusasa laleso sifunda. Isibonelo, izindawo ezifana neziQhingi zaseBalearic ziye zabonakala ziyi- umagnet wokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazweikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nokwakha kanye nezokuvakasha.
Kuyathakazelisa ukubona indlela inhloko-dolobha efuna ngayo "izindawo eziphephile." EziQhingini zaseBalearic, imikhakha yezindlu nezokuvakasha ibe yiyo ezuze kakhulu ekungeneni kwemali ikakhulukazi evela e-European Union naseNyakatho Melika. Kodwa-ke, ukuze lokhu kungena kuqhubeke, kubalulekile ukuba... uhlaka lwezezimali oluzinzile kanye nokuqiniseka kwezomthethoUma imithetho ishintsha njalo ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, umtshali-zimali uyasaba futhi athathe imali yakhe aye kwenye indawo.
Ezingeni lezepolitiki, ukuzinza kwezikhungo kanye nekhono lokufinyelela esivumelwaneni yizinto ezingashintsha indawo ekhangayo ibe yipharadesi langempela lokutshalwa kwezimali. Uma kuphathwa kahle, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe akugcini nje ngokuletha imali kodwa futhi kuba yi- umthombo womsebenzi okumele kuqondiswe ukuze kungafaki engcupheni ukusimama kwemvelo noma komphakathi.
Umthelela oqondile ekukhuleni komnotho
Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, ukuqoqwa kwemali kubalulekile entuthukweni. Uma izwe linezimakethe zemali ezingakathuthuki kahle ezinezinkinga zokungabi namali kanye nolwazi oluphansi, ukukhula komnotho kuyaphazamiseka. Kuye kwabonakala ukuthi ukuthuthukisa ukuba namali emakethe yamasheya kungenza ukwandisa izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP kakhulu, okuholela emalini engenayo yentela eyengeziwe kanye nenhlalakahle yomphakathi enkulu.
Emazweni afana neChile, kube nempikiswano enkulu mayelana nesidingo sokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezezimali ukuze lungabi ithuluzi labambalwa abakhethiwe kuphela. Imakethe yemali encintisanayo inciphisa amazinga enzalo kanye kwenza kube lula ukufinyelela esikweletu semali mboleko yendluokuvumela imindeni eminingi ukuthi ifinyelele ekubeni nezindlu. Lapho uhlelo luvinjelwa, njengoba kwenzekile ngemva kwezinkinga zomphakathi noma ubhubhane, umphumela uba ngokushesha: isikweletu siyabiza kakhulu futhi ukukhula kuyahamba kancane.
Ukuze lezi zinguquko zisebenze, kubalulekile ukudala indaba yomphakathi. Abantu kumele baqonde ukuthi ukukhululeka kwemithetho ethile yobuchwepheshe akuyona ngempela isipho emabhange, kodwa kuyindlela... ukwandisa ukufinyelela kwisikweletu esisemthethweni futhi kuvimbele abantu ukuthi bangaweli ezandleni zababolekisi abayingozi noma labo abahlobene nobugebengu.
Ukwenziwa kwedijithali kanye nekusasa lomkhakha
Asikwazi ukukhuluma ngokukhula ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngobuchwepheshe. Ukwenziwa komnotho ube yidijithali kushintsha indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nemali. Izinkokhelo ze-elekthronikhi kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha ze-fintech kunjalo ukuletha izinsizakalo zezezimali eduze emikhakheni yabantu ababengavunyelwe ngaphambili, okukhuthaza ukwenziwa komnotho ube semthethweni.
Kodwa-ke, le ntuthuko iza nezinselele, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu. Uhlaka lokulawula oluhambisanayo luyadingeka, olungabi yi-maze ye-bureaucratic evimbela ukusungula izinto ezintsha. Uma imithethonqubo icindezela kakhulu, sibeka engcupheni yokuthuthela imali ezindaweni ezincintisana kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela silahlekelwe umkhawulo wokuncintisana. ithuba lokuheha utshalomali lomhlaba wonke.
Ekugcineni, ibhalansi phakathi kokuvikela umthengi nokuvimbela ukukhwabanisa iyisisekelo sokwethembana. Umthetho ojezisa kuphela isikhungo sezezimali ngaphandle kokuhlaziya ingozi ungagcina ukhulisa izindleko zokusebenza kuwo wonke umuntu. Okungcono kakhulu, uhlelo kufanele lube lapho umthwalo wemfanelo usatshalaliswa ngendlela elinganiselayo, ukugcina ukuzethemba nokusebenza kahle kwabafaki bezimali ekwabiweni kwezikweletu.
